Background: Spontaneous abortion is a significant public health concern and a leading cause of maternal morbidity and mortality. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) reports a 10% incidence rate of spontaneous abortion in clinically confirmed pregnancies. Limited data exists on the risk factors associated with spontaneous abortion in the UAE, highlighting the need for this study to inform preventive strategies. 

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the role of maternal age and other potential risk factors in spontaneous abortion among women attending a hospital in Ajman, UAE. 

Methodology: A case-control study was conducted among 437 women aged 18–45 years, divided into 330 controls (normal deliveries) and 107 cases (spontaneous abortion). Data on socio-demographic

characteristics, reproductive health, family history, lifestyle factors, and medical conditions were collected. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for analysis. 

Findings: Women who experienced spontaneous abortion had a mean age of 33.3 years (SD: 5.6), significantly higher than those with normal deliveries (30.9 years, SD: 4.9; P<0.05). Additional risk factors

included higher gravidity, comorbidities such as anemia and gestational diabetes, and infections like urinary tract infections and candidiasis. Personal factors, such as irregular menstrual cycles and employment status, were also associated with an increased risk. Participants were predominantly from the Eastern Mediterranean and Southeast Asia regions.

Implications: Age at pregnancy is a key determinant of spontaneous abortion risk. The findings underscore the importance of enhanced prenatal care and targeted counseling for at-risk women.

Addressing comorbidities, such as anemia and gestational diabetes, through early screening and management is recommended to reduce the incidence of spontaneous abortion in the UAE

Farkhanda Hafizi is a third-year medical student at Gulf Medical University, Ajman. She is deeply passionate about gynecology and has a particular interest in research focusing on reproductive health, specifically the causes and prevention of pregnancy loss. Through her studies and ongoing exploration of advancements in this field, she aims to contribute innovative solutions to improve patient care and outcomes in gynecology. She values collaboration, continuous learning, and opportunities to engage in meaningful research that drives progress in women’s health.